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Contents
Illustrations
Foreword
Acknowledgements
1 Introduction
2 Architecture and building
3 Architectural history
4 Space and function
5 Plans and images
6 Materials and construction
7 The exterior
8 Styles and periods
9 Site and place
10 Sources
Notes
Glossary
Index
ILLUSTRATIONS
The authors and publisher would like to thank all those who have granted permission to reproduce illustrations. We have made every effort to contact and acknowledge copyright holders, but if any errors have been made we would be happy to correct them at a later printing.
Frontispiece Malawian miners' village, Tengenenge, Zimbabwe, 1994
Figure 2.1 Crystal Palace, London, 1851
Figure 2.2 Gateshead Millennium Bridge, 2001
Figure 2.3 Sydney Opera House, Australia, 1972
Figure 2.4 Taj Mahal, Agra, India, 1632{-}47
Figure 2.5 Guggenheim Museum, Bilbao, Spain, 1999
Figure 2.6 National Theatre, London, 1975
Figure 2.7 Richmond Riverside, Surrey, 1988
Figure 2.8 Tavistock Square, London, c.1780
Figure 2.9 S. Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, Rome, 1665{-}7
Figure 2.10 Chicago Tribune Tower, competition entry, 1922
Figure 2.11 Robie House, Chicago, 1908
Figure 2.12 Jewish Museum, Berlin, 1989{-}98
Figure 2.13 66 Frognal, London, 1938
Figure 2.14 Gasholder, Battersea, London, c.1880
Figure 3.1 Stonehenge, Wiltshire
Figure 3.2 The Circus, Bath
Figure 3.3 An early Victorian town compared with an imaginary medieval town
Figure 3.4 Great Zimbabwe ruins
Figure 3.5 Buttresses at Holy Trinity, Blythburgh
Figure 3.6 Scissor arches, Wells Cathedral
Figure 3.7 Folie at Parc de la Villette, Paris
Figure 3.8 Fourteenth century tower of St Mary de Castro, Leicester
Figure 3.9 Converted Victorian church of St John the Divine, Leicester 1853{-}4
Figure 3.10 Reconstruction of German Pavilion, Barcelona, 1992
Figure 4.1 St Maclou, Rouen, France, 1436{-}1531
Figure 4.2 Sanchi Stupa, Central India, 1st century BC
Figure 4.3 St Pancras Station train shed, London, 1863{-}5
Figure 4.4 Willis Building, Ipswich, 1975
Figure 4.5 Saltaire housing, c.1860
Figure 4.6 Plan of a Mashona homestead, Zimbabwe, 1991
Figure 4.7 Paris Opéra, France, 1861{-}74
Figure 4.8 Muqarnas in the Hall of the Two Sisters, Alhambra, Spain,14th century
Figure 4.9 Vierzehnheiligen Church, Franconia, 1743{-}72
Figure 4.10 TWA Terminal, Kennedy Airport, New York, 1956{-}62
Figure 4.11 Ground floor plan, Bauhaus, Dessau, 1925-6
Figure 4.12 Interior, City Hall, London, 2002
Figure 4.13 Brise-soleil at Broadgate, London
Figure 4.14 Champa Baoli, Mandu, India, early 16th century
Figure 4.15 The Queens Building, De Montfort University, Leicester, 1994
Figure 4.16 Inglenook, Walnuts Cottage, Oxfordshire, c.1550
Figure 4.17 Lloyds Building, London, 1986
Figure 5.1 Architectural drawing conventions
Figure 5.2 Merchant' loggia, shops and apartments, Lyon, c. 1540
Figure 5.3 Plan of third floor of Casa Milá, 1906
Figure 5.4 Street plan showing the relationship between dwellings and streets
Figure 5.5 Askham Hall, Yorkshire, 1885
Figure 5.6 Plan of courtyard house, Beijing
Figure 5.7 Plan of Imperial Palace, Beijing
Figure 5.8 Ground floor plan of Syon House
Figure 5.9 Church of Brunau, near Prague, 1708{-}15
Figure 5.10 Second-level plan of the Paris Opéra, 1861{-}74
Figure 5.11 Designs for the Palazzo da Porto Festa, Vicenza, c.1549
Figure 5.12 Sydney Opera House, section, 1957{-}65
Figure 5.13 Village school and master's house, 1852
Figure 5.14 Summer house design 'Konsoli', Finland, 1927
Figure 5.15 Axonometric projection of Alexander Fleming House, 1960
Figure 5.16 Perspective drawing of Alexander Fleming House, 1960
Figure 5.17 Design model of Stoke Park Infant School, 1989
Figure 5.18 Structural model of Stoke Park Infant School
Figure 5.19 Stoke Park Infant School as completed
Figure 5.20 Presentation model of Stoke Park Infant School
Figure 5.21 Presentation model of Richmond Riverside
Figure 5.22 Detail of Richmond Riverside
Figure 5.23 Clay model of Minoan house from Arhánes c. 1700{-}1400 BC
Figure 5.24 Crypt of Santa Coloma, 1898, 1908{-}14
Figure 5.25 Hussain{-}Doshi Gupa, Ahmedabad, 1994
Figure 5.26 Model of King's Cross Redevelopment, 1992
Figure 6.1 Eastgate Office Building and Shopping Centre, Harare, Zimbabwe, 1996
Figure 6.2 Cottage of granite with brick dressings, Newtown Linford, Leicestershire, nineteenth century
Figure 6.3 Clamp firing, Mozambique, 2002
Figure 6.4 Samanid Mausoleum, Bukhara, Uzbekistan, before AD 943
Figure 6.5 No. 8 Palace Gate, London, 1873{-}5 (J.J.Stevenson)
Figure 6.6 Knapped flint wall, Lewes Grammar School, Sussex, 1512
Figure 6.7 Somerset House, London, 1776{-}1801
Figure 6.8 Schwarzenberg Palace, old city of Prague, 1545{-}67
Figure 6.9 House and office of the mine manager, Globe and Phoenix Goldmine, Kwekwe, Zimbabwe, 1895
Figure 6.10 Cardboard City, London, December 1990
Figure 6.11 Schlumberger Petroleum Research Laboratories, Cambridge, 1984 Figure 6.12 Lady Chapel, Ely Cathedral, showing fan vaults, rib vaults and liernes, 1321{-}1349.
Figure 6.13 St Basil's Cathedral, Red Square, Moscow, 1554{-}60
Figure 6.14 Flying buttresses, King Henry VII Chapel, Westminster Abbey, 1503{-}c.1512
Figure 6.15 Geodesic dome, Montreal, 1967
Figure 6.16 Eden Project, Cornwall, 2001
Figure 6.17 Hammerbeam truss, St John the Baptist, Badingham, Suffolk, 15th century
Figure 6.18 Chinese roof structure, Wutai Shan, Shanxi, Fogung Si, Tang dynasty, 857
Figure 6.19 Baths, Tenbury Wells, Worcestershire, 1862
Figure 7.1{emsp}H.M. Prison, Welford Road, Leicester, 1825{-}8
Figure 7.2{emsp}Bradford Town Hall, 1870{-}3
Figure 7.3{emsp}Selfridges Store, Birmingham, 2003
Figure 7.4{emsp}Gwalior Fort, Central India, 800{-}c. late 1400
Figure 7.5{emsp}Chiswick House, London, 1723{-}9
Figure 7.6{emsp}Dr Edith Farnsworth House, Piano, Illinois, USA, 1946{-}50
Figure 7.7{emsp}Barningham Hall, Norfolk, 1612, west façade
Figure 7.8{emsp}Embankment Place, London, 1991
Figure 7.9{emsp}West Front, Amiens Cathedral, Amiens, France, begun c. 1220
Figure 7.10{emsp}Vishvanath Temple, Khajuraho, India, 1002
Figure 7.11{emsp}Sultan Ahmed Mosque, Istanbul, Turkey, 1610{-}16
Figure 7.12{emsp}Blaise Hamlet, Avon, 1810{-}11
Figure 7.13{emsp}Dulwich College Art Gallery and Mausoleum, London, 1811{-}14 Figure 7.14{emsp}Downton Castle, Herefordshire, 1772{-}8
Figure 7.15{emsp}885 Third Avenue (Lipstick Building), New York, 1983{-}6 Figure 7.16{emsp}Palace of Assembly, Chandigarh, India, 1956{-}62
Figure 7.17{emsp}Red House, Bexley Heath, Kent, 1859
Figure 7.18{emsp}Perrycroft, Colwall, near Malvern, 1893{-}4
Figure 7.19{emsp}Santa Maria Novella, Florence, Italy, 1456{-}70
Figure 7.20{emsp}Hut of a Venda chief, Victoria Falls Craft Village, Zimbabwe Figure 7.21{emsp}Sculptural decoration, Keshava Temple, Somnathpur, c.1268
Figure 7.22{emsp}Hoover Factory, London, 1931{-}2
Figure 7.23{emsp}Théâtre and Palaçio d'Abraxis, Noisy-le-Grand, France 1978{-}82 Figure 7.24{emsp}National Gallery Extension, London, 1991
Figure 8.1{emsp}The orders: (a) Greek Doric, Ionic, Corinthian
b) Tuscan, Roman Doric, Composite
Figure 8.2{emsp}Temple of Concordia, Agrigento, Italy, c. 440 BC
Figure 8.3{emsp}Villa Savoye, Poissy, France, 1928{-}9
Figure 8.4{emsp}St Pancras parish church, London, 1819{-}22
Figure 8.5{emsp}Monument to Newton, project, 1784
Figure 8.6{emsp}Piazza d'Italia, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA, 1975{-}80
Figure 8.7{emsp}The Library, Strawberry Hill, Twickenham, 1754
Figure 8.8{emsp}Victoria Terminus, Mumbai, India, 1878{-}87
Figure 8.9{emsp}Victoria Memorial Hall (now National Art Gallery), Madras, India, 1909
Figure 8.10{emsp}Buland Darwaza (Gateway of Victory), Fatehpur Sikri, Gujurat, India, 1573
Figure 8.11{emsp}Houses in Regent Road, Leicester, 1881
Figure 8.12{emsp}Tesco supermarket at night, Amersham, Buckinghamshire
Figure 8.13{emsp}Wheat barn, Cressing Temple, Essex, c. 1255
Figure 8.14{emsp}Wollaton Hall, Nottinghamshire, 1580{-}1588
Figure 8.15{emsp}Stoneywell Cottage, Leicestershire, 1899
Figure 8.16{emsp}Entrance arch detail, Stock Exchange, Chicago, 1893{-}4
Figure 9.1{emsp}Plan of Washington, 1800
Figure 9.2{emsp}Falling Water, Bear Run, Pennsylvania, USA, 1936
Figure 9.3{emsp}Monastery (now Convent) de la Tourette, 1957-60
Figure 9.4{emspUnderground car park, Lyon, 1994
Figure 9.5{emsp}Barcelona, plan
Figure 9.6{emsp}Temple of British Worthies, Stowe, 1735
Figure 9.7{emsp}Chinese bridges, Oranienbaum, Germany, c.1785
Figure 9.8{emsp}He Yuan, Yangzhou, China, c.1880
Figure 9.9{emsp}Moongate, Yihe Yuan, rebuilt, 1888
Figure 9.10{emsp}Crammant Cottages, Leicester, c.1850
Figure 9.11 {emsp}Emscher Park, Duisberg, Germany
Library of Congress Subject Headings for this publication: Architecture, Architecture and society