Field has no indicators or subfield codes; the data elements are positionally
defined.
Field 008/18-34 corresponds to equivalent positionally-defined data elements in field
006/01-17 when field 006/00 (Form of material) contains code s (Serial/Integrating
resource). Details about specific codes defined for the equivalent character positions
in field 006 and 008 for serials and integrating resources are provided in the
Guidelines for Applying Content Designators section of 008-Continuing
resources only.
18 - Frequency (006/01) One-character alphabetic code that indicates the frequency of an item; used in
conjunction with 008/19 (Regularity).
In the case of integrating resources, updates to an item. This element is based on
the information found in field 310 (Current Frequency). The frequency codes
sometimes do not accurately reflect the frequency as given in field 310. This is
generally the case when the frequency is expressed in numbers per year (e.g., 4
no. a year). In these cases, the closest applicable frequency is used according to
the following chart, and 008/19 (regularity) contains code x.
| Issued or Updated |
Frequency code |
| Two no. a year |
f (semiannual) |
| Four no. a year |
q (quarterly) |
| Five no. a year |
q (quarterly) |
| Six no. a year |
b (bimonthly) |
| Seven no. a year |
b (bimonthly) |
| Eight no. a year |
b (bimonthly) |
| Nine no. a year |
m (monthly) |
| Ten no. a year |
m (monthly) |
| Eleven no. a year |
m (monthly) |
| Twelve no. a year |
m (monthly) |
If an item ceases publication after one issue, give the intended frequency (and
regularity) if known. Otherwise, code both frequency and regularity as u
(unknown).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
a |
| 008/19 |
r |
| 300 |
##$a1 v. ;$c28 cm. |
| 310 |
##$aAnnual |
| 362 |
0#$a1984. |
If an item is issued according to one frequency, but cumulates to another, the
frequency (and regularity) are coded without regard for the cumulation.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
b |
| 008/19 |
r |
| 310 |
##$aBimonthly, with the last issue being cumulative for the
year
|
Regular-print reprint or photoreproduction items are coded for the frequency (and
regularity) of the reprint or photoreproduction -- not those of the original. In
most cases, both frequency and regularity will be coded as u.
# - No determinable frequency Used when the frequency is known to be intentionally irregular.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
# |
| 008/19 |
x |
| 310 |
##$aIrregular |
a - Annual Issued or updated once a year.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
a |
| 008/19 |
r |
| 310 |
##$aAnnual |
b - Bimonthly Issued or updated every two months.
Includes publications whose frequency is 6, 7, or 8 numbers a year.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
b |
| 008/19 |
r |
| 310 |
##$aBimonthly |
c - Semiweekly Issued or updated twice a week.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
c |
| 008/19 |
r |
| 310 |
##$aSemiweekly |
d - Daily Issued or updated once a day. Note: this may include Saturday and
Sunday.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
d |
| 008/19 |
r |
| 310 |
##$aDaily |
e - Biweekly Issued or updated every two weeks.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
e |
| 008/19 |
r |
| 310 |
##$aBiweekly |
f - Semiannual Issued or updated twice a year.
Includes publications whose frequency is 2 numbers a year.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
f |
| 008/19 |
x |
| 310 |
##$aSemiannual |
g - Biennial Issued or updated every two years.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
g |
| 008/19 |
r |
| 310 |
##$aBiennial |
h - Triennial Issued or updated every three years.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
h |
| 008/19 |
r |
| 310 |
##$aTriennial |
i - Three times a week
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
i |
| 008/19 |
r |
| 310 |
##$aThree no. a week |
j - Three times a month
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
j |
| 008/19 |
r |
| 310 |
##$aThree no. a month |
k - Continuously updated Updated more frequent than daily.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
k |
| 008/19 |
r |
| 310 |
##$aContinuously updated |
m - Monthly Includes publications whose frequency is 9, 10, 11, or 12 numbers a year.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
m |
| 008/19 |
r |
| 310 |
##$aMonthly |
q - Quarterly Issued or updated every three months.
Includes publications whose frequency is 4 numbers a year.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
q |
| 008/19 |
r |
| 310 |
##$aQuarterly |
s - Semimonthly Issued or updated twice a month.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
s |
| 008/19 |
x |
| 310 |
##$aTwo no. a month |
t - Three times a year
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
t |
| 008/19 |
r |
| 310 |
##$aThree no. a year |
u - Unknown Current frequency of the item is unknown. When code u is used in this character
position, it must also be used in 008/19 (Regularity).
w - Weekly Issued once a week.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
w |
| 008/19 |
r |
| 310 |
##$aWeekly |
z - Other None of the other defined codes are appropriate.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/18 |
z |
| 310 |
##$aEvery leap year |
| - No attempt to code
19 - Regularity (006/02) One-character alphabetic code that indicates the intended regularity of an item;
used in conjunction with 008/18 (Frequency).
Element is based on the information found in field 310 (Current Frequency).
Consider the stated intent of the publisher when coding the regularity.
n - Normalized irregular Predictable irregularity pattern.
Used, for example, when the publishing pattern intentionally deviates from a
standard pattern or when field 310 specifies a cumulation regularly issued in
addition to the individual issues.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/19 |
n |
| 008/18 |
m |
| 310 |
##$aMonthly (except July and Aug.) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/19 |
n |
| 008/18 |
m |
| 310 |
##$aMonthly (Nov.-Dec. issue combined) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/19 |
n |
| 008/18 |
b |
| 310 |
##$aBimonthly, with an annual cumulation |
r - Regular Intended regular publishing pattern. Used when one of the frequency codes
defined in 008/18 accurately defines the frequency of the publication and
whenever the publisher intends to issue the item on a regular basis. This may
be determined from information on the piece or by examining the publishing
pattern. Thus, if an item states that it is to be issued bimonthly, the
regularity is coded as r even though the publishing pattern is known to have
occasional variations due to publishing difficulties. The inconsistencies may
be expressed in field 515 (Numbering Peculiarities Note) if desired.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/19 |
r |
| 008/18 |
m |
| 310 |
##$aMonthly |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/19 |
r |
| 008/18 |
z |
| 310 |
##$aQuinquennial |
u - Unknown Regularity of the item is unknown. When code u is used in this character
position, it must also be used in 008/18 (Frequency).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/19 |
u |
| 008/18 |
u
[No 310 field] |
x - Completely irregular Used 1) when the frequency is known to be intentionally irregular (008/18 is
coded as #); or 2) when the frequency in field 310 is expressed as numbers
per year.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/19 |
x |
| 008/18 |
q |
| 310 |
##$aFive no. a year |
| - No attempt to code
21 - Type of continuing resource (006/04) One-character alphabetic code that indicates the type of continuing resource.
# - None of the following Also used for yearbooks and annual reports.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/21 |
# |
| 245 |
10$aAnnual report of the Malden Public
Library.
|
d - Updating database Collection of logically interrelated data stored together in one or more
computerized files, usually created and managed by a database management
system.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/21 |
d |
| 245 |
00$aMEDLINE on SilverPlatter$h[electronic resource]. |
l - Updating loose-leaf Bibliographic resource that consists of a base volume(s) updated by separate
pages which are inserted, removed, and/or substituted.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/21 |
l |
| 245 |
10$aProducts liability law in New Jersey : $ba practitioner's guide / $cWilliam A. Dreier and Hannah G.
Goldman.
|
m - Monographic series Used for any title that is a series, regardless of its treatment. A monographic
series is a group of analyzable items (i.e., each piece has a distinctive
title) that are related to one another by a collective title. The individual
items may or may not be numbered.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/21 |
m |
| 245 |
00$aActa Universitatis Wratislaviensis.$pGermanica Wratislaviensia. |
n - Newspaper Continuing resource that is mainly designed to be a primary source of written
information on current events connected with public affairs, either local,
national and/or international in scope. It contains a broad range of news on
all subjects and activities and is not limited to any specific subject matter.
It may include (although not primarily) articles on literary or other subjects
as well as advertising, legal notices, vital statistics, and illustrations.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/21 |
n |
| 245 |
00$aWall Street journal. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/21 |
n |
| 245 |
04$aThe Washington post. |
p - Periodical Separate articles, stories, other writings, etc. that are published or
distributed generally more frequently than annual.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/21 |
p |
| 245 |
04$aThe U.F.O. investigator. |
w - Updating Web site Web site that is updated, but does not fit into one of the other codes, such as
periodical, newspaper, or database.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/21 |
w |
| 245 |
00$aCNN.com$h[electronic resource]. |
| - No attempt to code
22 - Form of original item (006/05) One-character alphabetic code that indicates the form of material in which an item
was originally published.
In cases where the item is published simultaneously in more than one form, or when
it is difficult to determine the originally published form, the first item
received or entered in the database is considered the original physical form.
# - None of the following Not specified by one of the other codes.
a - Microfilm
b - Microfiche
c - Microopaque
d - Large print
e - Newspaper format Item is on newsprint and/or looks like a newspaper. The item need not fit the
definition of a newspaper (i.e., the type of continuing resource code in 008/21
need not be code n).
f - Braille
s - Electronic Intended for manipulation by a computer. May reside in a carrier accessed
either directly or remotely, in some cases requiring the use of peripheral
devices attached to the computer (e.g., a CD-ROM player). Not used for items
that do not require the use of a computer (e.g., music compact discs,
videodiscs).
| - No attempt to code
23 - Form of item (006/06) One-character alphabetic code that specifies the form of material for the item
being described.
# - None of the following Not specified by one of the other codes.
a - Microfilm
b - Microfiche
c - Microopaque
d - Large print
f - Braille
r - Regular print reproduction Eye-readable print, such as a photocopy.
s - Electronic Intended for manipulation by a computer. May reside in a carrier accessed
either directly or remotely, in some cases requiring the use of peripheral
devices attached to the computer (e.g., a CD-ROM player). Not used for items
that do not require the use of a computer (e.g., music compact discs,
videodiscs).
| - No attempt to code
24 - Nature of entire work (006/07) One-character alphabetic code that indicates the nature of an item if it consists
entirely of a certain type of material. If the item can be considered
more than one type of material, the types are recorded in 008/25-27 (Nature of
contents) and 008/24 position is coded blank (#).
Used to specify what type of publication the item is as opposed to what
it contains.
# - Not specified Nature of the entire item is not specified.
a - Abstracts/summaries Abstracts or summaries of other publications.
b - Bibliographies
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/24 |
b |
| 245 |
00$aBibliographie des Schriftums für den Bereich der
Haushaltswissenschaft.
|
c - Catalogs List of items in a collection, such as a collection of books, a collection of
art objects, etc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/24 |
c |
| 245 |
00$aLempertz-Katalog. |
d - Dictionaries Also includes glossaries or gazetteers.
Concordances are coded as Indexes (code i). Serial biographical dictionaries
are coded as Biography (code h).
e - Encyclopedias Encyclopedia or an encyclopedic treatment of a specific topic.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/24 |
e |
| 245 |
00$aEncyclopedia of social work. |
f - Handbooks
g - Legal articles Substantive articles on legal topics, such as those published in law school
reviews.
h - Biography Biographical material, whether autobiography, individual biography, or
collective biography. Genealogy is not coded as biography.
i - Indexes Index to bibliographical material other than itself (e.g., an indexing
journal).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/24 |
i |
| 245 |
00$aDeutsche Bibliographie.$pHalbjahres-Verzeichnis. |
k - Discographies Discography or other bibliography of recorded sound.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/24 |
k |
| 245 |
00$aJournal of jazz discography. |
l - Legislation Full or partial texts of enactments of legislative bodies or texts of rules and
regulations issued by executive or administrative agencies.
Also used when a work consists of texts of rules and regulations issued by
executive or administrative agencies.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/24 |
l |
| 245 |
00$aTax legislation bulletin. |
m - Theses Thesis, dissertation, or work identified as having been created to satisfy the
requirements for an academic certification or degree.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/24 |
m |
| 245 |
00$aTheses in progress in Commonwealth
studies.
|
n - Surveys of literature in a subject area Authored surveys that summarize what has been published about a subject
Usually has a list of references either in the body of the work or as a
bibliography.
o - Reviews Critical reviews of published or performed works (e.g., books, films, sound
recordings, theater, etc.).
p - Programmed texts
q - Filmographies Filmography or other bibliography of moving images.
r - Directories Directory or register of persons or corporate bodies. Serial biographical
dictionaries are coded as Biography (code h).
s - Statistics Collection of statistical data on a subject. Not used for works about
statistical methodology.
t - Technical reports Work that is the result of scientific investigation or technical development,
testing, or evaluation, presented in a form suitable for dissemination to the
technical community.
u - Standards/specifications Either an international, national, or industry standard or a specification
which gives a precise statement of a process or service requirement.
v - Legal cases and case notes Discussions, such as those in the case comments section of law school reviews,
of particular legal cases that have been decided by, or that are pending
before, courts or administrative agencies.
w - Law reports and digests Texts of decisions of courts or administrative agencies. Also used when a work
consists of texts of digests of such decisions.
z - Treaties Treaties or accords negotiated between two or more parties to settle a
disagreement, establish a relationship, grant rights, etc.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/24 |
z |
| 245 |
00$aGuide to United States treaties in
force.
|
| - No attempt to code
25-27 - Nature of contents (006/08-10) Up to three one-character alphabetic codes (recorded in alphabetical order) that
indicate that a work contains certain types of materials. If fewer than
three codes are assigned, the codes are left justified and each unused position
contains a blank (#).
Generally, a specific code is used only if a significant part of the item is the
type of material represented by the code. Information for these character
positions is usually derived from other areas of the bibliographic record (e.g.,
field 245 (Title Statement), 5XX (Note) fields, or 6XX (Subject Added Entry)
fields). If more than three codes are appropriate to the item, the three most
significant are selected and recorded in alphabetical order.
# - Not specified
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/24 |
# |
| 008/25-27 |
### |
| 245 |
00$aJournal of Ayurveda=$b ...
[No specified nature of contents is appropriate] |
a - Abstracts/summaries Abstracts or summaries of other publications.
Not used when a publication includes an abstract or summary of its own
content.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/24 |
# |
| 008/25-27 |
a## |
| 245 |
00$aReview of applied entomology.$nSeries B,$pMedical and veterinary. |
| 650 |
#2$aVeterinary entomology$xAbstracts$xPeriodicals. |
b - Bibliographies Significant part of the item is a bibliography or bibliographies. Used only if
the bibliography is substantial enough to be mentioned in the bibliographic
record. Note: Because bibliographies are included as part of the
definition of code n, code b is not used when code n is present.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/24 |
# |
| 008/25-27 |
b## |
| 504 |
##$aIncludes bibliographies. |
c - Catalogs List of items in a collection. Also includes lists of collectible objects, such
as stamps and coins, or trade catalogs. For catalogs of books, sound
recordings, or motion pictures, code b (Bibliographies), code k
(Discographies), or code q (Filmographies), is given with code c.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/24 |
# |
| 008/25-27 |
ci# |
| 245 |
00$aBook auction records. |
| 650 |
#0$aBook auctions$xCatalogs$vIndexes. |
d - Dictionaries Also used for a glossary or a gazetteer.
Concordances are coded as Indexes (code i). Code h is used for serial
biographical dictionaries.
e - Encyclopedias Encyclopedia or an encyclopedic treatment of a specific topic.
f - Handbooks
g - Legal articles Substantive articles on legal topics, such as those published in law school
reviews.
h - Biography Significant part of the item contains biographical material, whether
autobiography, individual biography, or collective biography. Genealogy is not
coded as biography.
i - Indexes Index to bibliographical material other than itself (e.g., an indexing
journal).
Not used when a publication contains an index to its own content.
k - Discographies Significant part of the item is a discography or discographies, or other
bibliography of recorded sound. Used only if the discography is substantial
enough to be mentioned in the bibliographic record. For discographies that are
also catalogs, both code k and code c (Catalogs) are given.
l - Legislation Includes of full or partial texts of enactments of legislative bodies,
published either in statute or in code form, or texts of rules and regulations
issued by executive or administrative agencies.
m - Theses Thesis, dissertation, or work identified as having been created to satisfy the
requirements for an academic certification or degree.
n - Surveys of literature in a subject area Includes authored surveys that summarize what has been published about a
subject
Usually has a list of references either in the body of the work or as a
bibliography. Note: Because bibliographies are included as part of the
definition of code n, code b (Bibliographies) should not be recorded when code
n is appropriate.
o - Reviews Includes critical reviews of published or performed works (e.g., books, films,
sound recordings, theater, etc.).
p - Programmed texts
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/24 |
# |
| 008/25-27 |
p## |
| 245 |
00$aClinical exercises in internal
medicine.
|
| 650 |
#2$aInternal medicine$xProgrammed texts. |
q - Filmographies Significant part of the item is a filmography or other bibliography of moving
images. Used only if the filmography is substantial enough to be mentioned in
the bibliographic record. For filmographies that are also catalogs, both code q
and code c (Catalogs) are given.
r - Directories Includes a directory or register of persons or corporate bodies. Serial
biographical dictionaries are coded as Biography (code h).
s - Statistics Significant part of the item is a collection of statistical data on a subject.
Not used for works about statistical methodology.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/24 |
# |
| 008/25-27 |
bs# |
| 245 |
00$aList of statistical series collected by
international organizations.
|
t - Technical reports Includes technical report material that is the result of scientific
investigation or technical development, testing, or evaluation, presented in a
form suitable for dissemination to the technical community.
u - Standards/specifications Includes either an international, national, or industry standard or a
specification which gives a precise statement of a process or service
requirement.
v - Legal cases and case notes Includes discussions, such as those in the case comments section of law school
reviews, of particular legal cases that have been decided by, or that are
pending before, courts or administrative agencies.
w - Law reports and digests Includes texts of decisions of courts or administrative agencies. The code is
also used when an item includes texts of digests of such decisions.
z - Treaties Includes treaties or accords negotiated between two or more parties to settle a
disagreement, establish a relationship, grant rights, etc.
||| - No attempt to code
28 - Government publication (006/11) One-character alphabetic code that indicates whether an item is published or
produced by or for an international, national, provincial, state, or local
government agency, or by any subdivision of such a body, and, if so, the
jurisdictional level of the agency.
Government bodies and all their subdivisions are treated as government bodies
regardless of how they may be entered as headings (i.e., entered under
jurisdiction or not). In the bibliographic record, the body does not have to be a
main or added entry, but it should be named as publisher, etc. in the publication,
distribution, etc. area, or have caused the item to be published (usually inferred
when the governmental body is responsible for the content of the work). When in
doubt, treat the item as a government publication.
Guidelines for certain types of publications
- Socialist countries- Since the coding of all items published
in socialist countries as government publications would limit the usefulness of
this element, coding should be used only for the same type of bodies that would
be considered government in a non-socialist country. In coding items in this
manner, when in doubt, treat the item as a government publication.
- Two levels- If an item is published or produced jointly by
government agencies at two different levels, record the code for the higher
government level.
- Academic publications- In the U.S., items published by
academic institutions are considered government publications if the
institutions are created or controlled by a government.
- University presses- In the U.S., items published by university
presses are considered government publications if the presses are created or
controlled by a government (e.g., state university presses in the United
States).
# - Not a government publication Not published by or for a government body.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/28 |
# |
| 110 |
2#$aRand McNally. |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 008/28 |
# |
| 245 |
02$aA Guidebook of United States coins. |
a - Autonomous or semi-autonomous component Published or produced by or for a government body of an autonomous or
semi-autonomous component of a country.
c - Multilocal Published or produced by or for a multilocal jurisdiction which is defined as a
regional combination of jurisdictions below the state level.
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c |
| 110 |
2#$aRégion parisienne (France) |
f - Federal/national Published or produced by or for a federal or national government body, e.g., a
sovereign nation, such as Canada. Used for the governments of England, Wales,
Scotland, and Northern Ireland. Code f is also used for American Indian
tribes.
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f |
| 110 |
1#$aItaly.$bMinistero degli affari esteri. |
i - International intergovernmental Published or produced by or for an international intergovernmental body.
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i |
| 110 |
2#$aWorld Health Organization. |
l - Local Published or produced by or for a local government jurisdiction such as a
county, city, town, etc.
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| 008/28 |
l |
| 110 |
1#$aNew York (N.Y.) |
m - Multistate Published or produced by or for a regional combination of jurisdictions at the
state, provincial, territorial, etc. level.