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Historic American Buildings Survey,
Engineering Record, Landscapes Survey
Meuse-Argonne American Cemetery & Memorial, Rue du General Pershing, Romagne-sous-Montfaucon, Departement de la Meuse (France), FR
- Title: Meuse-Argonne American Cemetery & Memorial, Rue du General Pershing, Romagne-sous-Montfaucon, Departement de la Meuse (France), FR
- Creator(s): Historic American Landscapes Survey, creator
- Related Names:
York & Sawyer
Ayres, William Louis
Gibbs, George, Jr
Cret, Paul Philippe
U.S. War Department
Greber, Jacques
Lyall, Earl Harvey
U.S. War Department, Office of the Quartermaster General, Graves Registration Service
Robin, Ernest
Noyer, Maurice
Adam & Co.
Bottiau, Alfred-Alphonse
Certoux, Charles
Fevre & Co.
Ste. Goussez
Ste. Guinet & Co.
H. Rouard
Ste. Routiere Colas
Susse Freres
John E. Lingo & Sons
Roman Bronze Works
U.S. Commission of Fine Arts
Moore, Charles
Hayes, Ralph
Pierce, Charles C
Gibbs, George, Jr
Green, H L
Robin, Ernest
Price, Xenophon H
Pershing, John J
North, Thomas
Lyall, Earl Harvey
Moginier, Charles L
Simpson, Eric D
Mott, T Bentley
U.S. War Department Observers Board
Harbeson, John
Office of the Veterans' Secretary General, Military Graves Service (France)
Davidson, Lisa Pfueller , historian
Stevens, Christopher M , project manager
Lockett, Dana , field team
McNatt, Jason W , delineator
Pierce, Ryan , delineator
De Sousa, Daniel , delineator
Canfield, Charles D , delineator
American Battle Monuments Commission , sponsor
McPartland, Mary , transmitter - Date Created/Published: Documentation compiled after 2000
- Medium:
Measured Drawing(s): 19
Data Page(s): 91 - Reproduction Number: ---
- Rights Advisory:
No known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government; images copied from other sources may be restricted. (http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/114_habs.html)
- Call Number: HALS US-2
- Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
- Notes:
- Significance: Meuse-Argonne American Cemetery & Memorial is one of eight overseas World War I cemeteries redesigned and administered by the American Battle Monuments Commission (ABMC), a federal agency created in 1923. Meuse-Argonne, the largest ABMC cemetery in Europe with over 14,200 graves, was part a larger effort in the aftermath of World War I to create lasting and impressive memorials to the American war effort in England, Belgium, and France. The practical necessity of burying American soldiers who died during the conflict was first handled by the War Department through the Office of the Quartermaster General's Graves Registration Service (GRS). GRS landscape architect George Gibbs, Jr. had already established the basic form of Meuse-Argonne (or Romagne) Cemetery, with eight sections of graves arranged up a hillside, a local road running through a valley with a circular fountain, and the staff quarters and visitor building on the opposite hillside. The buildings were constructed by the War Department in 1923-24. The entrance to the cemetery property at each end of the road was marked by a pair of simple stone pylons with bas relief eagles. ABMC redesigned the existing War Department cemeteries, adding memorial chapels and other features. The agency also constructed a series of monuments starting in the mid-1920s, and continuing into the 1930s. It hired prominent French-born American architect Paul P. Cret as its consulting architect in 1925. Cret guided every aspect of the ABMC commemoration program from finalizing locations and selecting architects to inspecting construction and making maintenance recommendations. The New York firm of York & Sawyer, with principal architect William Louis Ayres, was given the commission for designing the Chapel, new entrance pylons, and a revised site plan for Meuse-Argonne American Cemetery. Jacques Gréber served as local architect for the project and provided a revised planting plan. Construction took place in 1929-32, starting with the Chapel and then turning to landscape improvements. York & Sawyer placed a Romanesque Revival Chapel at the crest of the hill above the burial sections. The Chapel featured a front gable center pavilion and long loggias on either side. The road area was enhanced with more elaborate entrance pylons, a fountain at the base of the hill below the Visitor Building, and additional stone terraces and steps. The circular fountain was retained, with the local road (D123) now split by a wide grassy median and lined by an allée of trees through the cemetery property. Allées of clipped linden trees were placed along the mall leading up the hill to the chapel, as well as the outer edges of the eight grave areas. York & Sawyer’s architecture and landscape for Meuse-Argonne are in keeping with the commemorative program sponsored by ABMC and guided by Cret. They are characteristic of a Beaux Arts approach seen in some of the best civic architecture of the 1920s and 30s.
- Unprocessed Field note material exists for this structure: N153, N154
- Survey number: HALS US-2
- Building/structure dates: 1918-1919 Initial Construction
- Building/structure dates: 1927-1932 Subsequent Work
- Building/structure dates: 1920-1924 Subsequent Work
- Building/structure dates: 2015-2016 Subsequent Work
- Subjects:
- Place:
- Latitude/Longitude: 49.334303, 5.093455
- Collections:
- Part of: Historic American Landscapes Survey (Library of Congress)
- Bookmark This Record:
https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/us0005/
The Library of Congress generally does not own rights to material in its collections and, therefore, cannot grant or deny permission to publish or otherwise distribute the material. For further rights information, see "Rights Information" below and the Rights and Restrictions Information page ( https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/rights.html ).
- Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government; images copied from other sources may be restricted. http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/114_habs.html
- Reproduction Number: ---
- Call Number: HALS US-2
- Medium:
Measured Drawing(s): 19
Data Page(s): 91
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- Call Number: HALS US-2
- Medium:
Measured Drawing(s): 19
Data Page(s): 91
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Yes, another surrogate exists. Reference staff can direct you to this surrogate.
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