Glossary -- A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z

NDLP Glossary - T

TCP/IP

Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol. This pair of network protocols are the "glue" that binds the Internet together. They are mid-level network protocols, able to run on various network hardware, such as IBM's Token Ring and Ethernet, and to support a variety of application protocols, such as Telnet for terminal sessions, and FTP for file transfer.

Because TCP/IP is an open, published standard (rather than proprietary and secret), anyone can develop new application protocols for the Internet. HTTP, the protocol that is the basis for the World Wide Web, was developed by Tim Berners-Lee in the early 1990s.

TEI

Text Encoding Initiative. An international project to develop guidelines for the preparation and interchange of electronic texts for scholarly research. The main activity of the group has centered on preparing Guidelines for the Encoding and Interchange of Machine-Readable Texts, which defines a DTD (Document Type Definition) in conformance with ISO 8879 (Structural Generalized Markup Language -- SGML).

The NDLP is using this TEI DTD to code reproductions of textual materials. Other important projects using the TEI DTD include the Center for Electronic Text in the Humanities (a joint project of Princeton and Rutgers Universities) and the Electronic Text Center at the University of Virginia.

Telnet

The application protocol that allows users on the Internet to log into a remote computer. Telnet is compatible with most host computers. TN3270, a variation of Telnet, is often required to access IBM mainframes.

thumbnail

A small size low resolution representation of a higher resolution image. Users can retrieve and view many thumbnails quickly to choose an image for study or downloading.

TIFF

Tagged Image File Format. A format for images, designed to be a general exchange format between computers and applications. It has an elaborate, fielded header, which can be useful for recording information about the digitization process. Since a TIFF image can be compressed with any one of several different compression schemes, TIFF is less "standard" than JPEG in practice, and not so widely used on the World Wide Web. NDLP uses TIFF for archival versions of images and for display versions of bi-tonal images, such as line-art or images of printed pages.

token ring

A network protocol that passes messages round a ring of wires, with access controlled by a special type of message, known as a "token." A computer with a message ready to send waits for the token, grabs it, sends the prepared message, and then releases the token. The IBM Token Ring is a particular implementation of this network technology. An alternative technology for the same network function is Ethernet.

Glossary -- A B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X Y Z
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(1/18/96)