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• Collection: Miscellaneous Items in High Demand

• Title: Deaf juror
• Creator(s): Church, Marilyn, artist
• Date Created/Published: [Place not identified] : [Publisher not identified], [1984]
• Medium: 1 drawing on ochre paper : colored pencil, pastel, graphite, and porous point pen ; sheet 50 x 64.9 cm.
• Summary: Drawing shows proceedings in the courtroom during jury selection for the People of the State of New York v. Hector Guzman trial in New York, showing Alec Naiman, potential juror, using signed English with his signer Aletha Cusaden as he answers questions asked by Judge Budd G. Goodman. The defendant, Hector Guzman, sits between his blind Spanish-language interpreter and his lawyer Oscar Finkel. Naiman, who hoped to be the first deaf juror in New York, was rejected by attorney Finkel because of his disability.
• Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-ppmsca-50997 (digital file from original drawing)
• Rights Advisory: Publication may be restricted. For information see "Marilyn Church Rights and Restrictions Information,"(http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/653_chur.html)
  
• Call Number: LOT 14050-127, no. 1 [P&P]
• Repository: Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C. 20540 USA http://hdl.loc.gov/loc.pnp/pp.print
• Notes:
  • Caption label from exhibit Drawing Justice: Man Who Is Deaf Seeks to Serve on a Jury. After threatening to sue for discrimination, Alec Naiman, shown seated in the jury pool, communicates with his signer while Judge Budd G. Goodman in the New York State Supreme Court asks him questions. Hector Guzman, on trial for a narcotics violation, sits next to his attorney, Oscar Finkel. During jury selection, Finkel argued his client would be denied a fair trial under the Sixth Amendment if one of the jurors were deaf. Judge Goodman, sympathetic to Naiman's cause, denied Guzman the right to eliminate him from the jury pool for cause: People v. Guzman, 478 NYS 2d 455 (1984). Finkel then used one of his peremptory challenges to exclude Naiman. With the passage in 1990 of the Americans with Disabilities Act, Pub.L.101-336, deaf citizens obtained the right to serve on juries.
  • Title from item.
  • Forms part of: Marilyn Church collection of courtroom art.
  • Exhibited: "Drawing Justice" at the Library of Congress Thomas Jefferson Building, Washington, D.C., April - October 2017.
• Subjects:
  • Goodman, Budd G.,--1929---Trials, litigation, etc.
  • Naiman, Alec,--1955-2015--Trials, litigation, etc.
  • Judicial proceedings--New York (State)--New York--1980-1990.
  • Juries--New York (State)--New York--1980-1990.
  • Deaf persons--New York (State)--New York--1980-1990.
  • Courtrooms--New York (State)--New York--1980-1990.
• Format:
  • Courtroom sketches--Color--1980-1990.
  • Drawings--Color--1980-1990.
• Collections:
  • Miscellaneous Items in High Demand
• Bookmark This Record:
     https://www.loc.gov/pictures/item/2016652888/

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• Rights Advisory: Publication may be restricted. For information see "Marilyn Church Rights and Restrictions Information," http://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/653_chur.html
• Reproduction Number: LC-DIG-ppmsca-50997 (digital file from original drawing)
• Call Number: LOT 14050-127, no. 1 [P&P]
• Medium: 1 drawing on ochre paper : colored pencil, pastel, graphite, and porous point pen ; sheet 50 x 64.9 cm.

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• Call Number: LOT 14050-127, no. 1 [P&P]
• Medium: 1 drawing on ochre paper : colored pencil, pastel, graphite, and porous point pen ; sheet 50 x 64.9 cm.

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