Book/Printed Material The printing trades

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  • Image 1 of The printing trades
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 2 of The printing trades Class h A -3 4 K Book^I_ GopyiightlN _ COPYRIGHT DEPOSm
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 3 of The printing trades
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 4 of The printing trades
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 5 of The printing trades THE PRINTING TRADES
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 6 of The printing trades THE SURVEY COMMITTEE OF THE CLEVELAND FOUNDATION Charles E. Adams, Chairman Thomas G. Fitzsimons Myrta L. Jones Bascom Little Victor W. Sincere Arthur D. Baldwin, Secretary James R. Garfield, Counsel Allen T....
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 7 of The printing trades
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 8 of The printing trades
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 9 of The printing trades CLEVELAND EDUCATION SURVEY THE PRINTING TRADES BY FRANK L. SHAW THE SURVEY COMMITTEE OF THE CLEVELAND FOUNDATION CLEVELAND OHIO 16 1916
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 10 of The printing trades Copyright, 1916, by the survey committee of the cleveland foundation APR I3ISI6 WM P. FELL CO- PRINTERS PHILADELPHIA ©CI.A427648
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 11 of The printing trades FOREWORD This report on The Printing Trades is one of the 25 sections of the report of the Education Survey of Cleveland conducted by the Survey Committee of the Cleveland Foundation in...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 12 of The printing trades
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 13 of The printing trades TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE Foreword 5 List of Tables 9 List of Diagrams 10 List of Illustrations 10 CHAPTBB I. The Printing Industry 11 Size of industry 13 Many small establishments 14...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 14 of The printing trades Plate printers 40 Platen and cylinder pressfeeders 41 Other occupations 41 Number employed 42 Wages 42 Health conditions and accident risks 44 Learning the trade 44 Summary 45 IV. The Bindery 47...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 15 of The printing trades LIST OF TABLES TABLE PAGE 1. Estimated number of wage-earners in each department of the printing industry 22 2. Average daily earnings of job and newspaper composing-room workers 31 3. Union scale...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 16 of The printing trades LIST OF DIAGRAMS DIAGRAM PAGE 1. Weekly wages of men in the printing industry and in five other industries 17 2. Weekly wages of women in the printing indus- try and in...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 17 of The printing trades THE PRINTING TRADES CHAPTER I THE PRINTING INDUSTRY Few stories of industrial history are more inter- esting than that of the rise and development of the art of printing. A thousand years...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 18 of The printing trades the type which did the actual printing. The product of the press was about 50 sheets an hour. During the 350 years which elapsed from the days of Gutenberg to the year...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 19 of The printing trades actual printing. Much modern printing where speed is required is done with presses of this sort. These machines have been improved until they are marvels of mechanical perfection. By their use newspapers...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 20 of The printing trades value of product, printing ranked sixth among the manufacturing industries of the country with a total output in 1909 of $737,000,000. A smaller proportion of the industrial popu- lation of Cleveland is...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 21 of The printing trades which employ over 75 wage-earners. Data col- lected by the Survey Staff from 44 local printing shops showed an average working force of only 36 persons. The Census of Manufactures for 1909...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 22 of The printing trades desirable working conditions, and partly to the necessity, in all branches of printing, for a work- ing knowledge of English. Union Organization Practically all of the trades are thoroughly or- ganized. There...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 23 of The printing trades on the average than the printer. A comparison of weekly earnings in the various manufacturing industries of the city is shown in Diagram 1. This comparison is based upon the 1914 report...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 24 of The printing trades about nine-tenths of the population of the county reside in Cleveland. The diagram shows in a striking way the rela- tively high position of the printing trades from Men* sclo thing factories...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 25 of The printing trades construction. Only about one-half as many em- ployees in automobile factories earn $25.00 a week or over as in the printing industry, one- third as many in steel works and rolling mills,...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 26 of The printing trades size of the working force. The kind of work done by women is more seasonal than that done by men, although less so than in other manu- facturing industries which employ large...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 27 of The printing trades 90 per cent of the maximum number. In the building trades, on the other hand the fluctua- tions of employment are so serious that the mini- mum number falls to less than...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 28 of The printing trades specialize in bindery work, others in the manu- facture of printing plates. As a rule each firm tries to excel in a particular line of work in order to secure the monopoly...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 29 of The printing trades Gutenberg who invented movable type and the first printing press about 1450. During the past half century almost every process of making type, setting type, printing, and making illus- trations has gone...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 30 of The printing trades employment than do those in most factory industries. Printing is a highly specialized and subdivided industry. It is not a trade but a group of some 50 skilled trades divided among seven...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 31 of The printing trades CHAPTER II THE COMPOSING-ROOM Until about 30 years ago, before practical type- setting machines were invented, all type was set by hand. Today, the hand-compositor, ex- cept in very small shops, works...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 32 of The printing trades type employed for different purposes. In addi- tion, he should have a thorough knowledge of spelling, capitalization, punctuation, division of words, and some acquaintance with grammar. Language is the material he has...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 33 of The printing trades
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 34 of The printing trades
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 35 of The printing trades The monotype consists of two machines, the keyboard and the caster. The operation of the keyboard is similar to that of the lino- type, but instead of releasing matrices it punches holes...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 36 of The printing trades ceive higher wages. In the larger shops linotype machinists do all repairing. Proof-readers The proof-reader compares the original copy with the proof, on which he notes any correc- tions to be made....
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 37 of The printing trades printed they will fold in consecutive order The stoneman is usually an experienced compositor. Number Employed There are in Cleveland about 1,200 people in composing-room occupations, or about 30 per cent of...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 38 of The printing trades total number in the city. The remainder, while employing union labor, observing union hours, and paying union wages, reserve the right to hire non-union workers. The Typographical Union is one of the...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 39 of The printing trades the Printers League of America by mutual agree- ment recently adopted the following scale of wages for hand-compositors for five years, from January 1, 1916, to December 31, 1920: Day wages to...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916
  • Image 40 of The printing trades in the composing-room is $25.80 a week for day- work, and $28.80 for night work. On the basis of hourly rates of wages, compo- sition ranks among the highest paid of the...
    • Contributor: Cleveland Foundation. Survey Committee - Shaw, Frank L. (Frank Leslie)
    • Date: 1916