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Photo, Print, Drawing Hacienda Azucarera La Esperanza, 2.65 mi. N of Rte. 2 bridge over Manati River, Manati, Manati Municipio, PR La Esperanza Sugar Plantation

[ Drawings from Survey HAER PR-1  ]

More Resources

[ Data Pages from Survey HAER PR-1  ]

About this Item

Title

  • Hacienda Azucarera La Esperanza, 2.65 mi. N of Rte. 2 bridge over Manati River, Manati, Manati Municipio, PR

Other Title

  • La Esperanza Sugar Plantation

Names

  • Historic American Engineering Record, creator
  • Fernandez y Martinez , Jose Ramon
  • Conservation Trust of Puerto Rico
  • Fernandez, Fernando
  • Lattimer, George C
  • Lattimer & Fernandez Company
  • Borda, Wenceslao
  • Calaf
  • Diaz, Don Juan, Davila
  • Defontain, Pedro
  • West Point Foundry
  • Davila y Davila, Ovidio, field team
  • Johnson, Robert L., field team
  • Griffin, Douglas L., project manager
  • DeLony, Eric N., project manager
  • Conservation Trust of Puerto Rico, sponsor
  • Graziani, Luz M., historian
  • Nistal-Moret, Benjamin, historian
  • Fraginals, Manual Moreno, historian
  • Gomez, Jose Garcia, delineator
  • del Cueto, Beatriz, delineator
  • Yasuda, Beverly, delineator
  • Freeman, Belmont, delineator
  • Williams, Joan, historian
  • Gjessing, Frederik Cheney, photographer
  • Boucher, Jack E., photographer

Created / Published

  • Documentation compiled after 1968

Headings

  • -  sugar plantations
  • -  sugar industry
  • -  agriculture
  • -  imperialism
  • -  slavery
  • -  food industry
  • -  textile industry
  • -  railroad companies
  • -  mills
  • -  Puerto Rico--Manati Municipio--Manati

Latitude / Longitude

  • 18.467549,-66.525131

Notes

  • -  Significance: Hacienda La Esperanza, one of the many remains of sugar haciendas extant in Puerto Rico today, is distinguished by the six-column steam engine and matching sugar mill which survive on the site. The beam engine, built by the West Point Foundry in 1861, has elaborate Gothic detailing and such features as a reversible cycle, drop valves, and parallel motion, unusual in sugar mill engines. ... // La Esperanza was established in the 1830s and by the 1860s was considered one of the largest land holdings on the North Coast of Puerto Rico. With the purchase of a steam engine in 1841, and another in the 1860s, the hacienda became one of the earliest mechanized sugar mills in Puerto Rico.
  • -  Unprocessed Field note material exists for this structure: FN-1
  • -  Survey number: HAER PR-1
  • -  Building/structure dates: ca. 18t2 Initial Construction
  • -  National Register of Historic Places NRIS Number: 76002190

Medium

  • Measured Drawing(s): 2
  • Data Page(s): 9

Call Number/Physical Location

  • HAER PR,55-MANA,1-

Source Collection

  • Historic American Engineering Record (Library of Congress)

Repository

Control Number

  • pr0001

Rights Advisory

Online Format

  • image
  • pdf

Rights & Access

The Library of Congress does not own rights to material in its collections. Therefore, it does not license or charge permission fees for use of such material and cannot grant or deny permission to publish or otherwise distribute the material.

Ultimately, it is the researcher's obligation to assess copyright or other use restrictions and obtain permission from third parties when necessary before publishing or otherwise distributing materials found in the Library's collections.

For information about reproducing, publishing, and citing material from this collection, as well as access to the original items, see: Historic American Buildings Survey/Historic American Engineering Record/Historic American Landscape Survey (HABS/HAER/HALS) Collection - Rights and Restrictions Information

  • Rights Advisory: No known restrictions on images made by the U.S. Government; images copied from other sources may be restricted. https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/res/114_habs.html
  • Reproduction Number: ---
  • Call Number: HAER PR,55-MANA,1-
  • Access Advisory: ---

Obtaining Copies

If Digital Images Are Displaying

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  • Photographs--All photographs are printed from digital files to preserve the fragile originals.
    • Make note of the Call Number and Item Number that appear under the photograph in the multiple-image display (e.g., HAER, NY,52-BRIG,4-2).
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    • Make note of the Survey Number (e.g., HAER NY - 143) and Sheet Number (e.g., "Sheet 1 of 4"), which appear on the edge of the drawing. (NOTE: These numbers are visible in the Tiff "Reference Image" display.)
    • If possible, include a printout of the drawing.
  • Data Pages
    • Make note of the Call Number in the catalog record.

If Digital Images Are Not Displaying

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  • Visit the Prints & Photographs Reading Room and request to view the group (general information about service in the reading room is available at: https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/info/001_ref.html). It is best to contact reference staff in advance (see: https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/address.html) to make sure the material is on site. OR
  • P&P reading room staff can provide up to 15 quick copies of items per calendar year (many original items in the holdings are too old or fragile to make such copies, but generally HABS/HAER/HALS materials are in good enough condition to be placed on photocopy machines). For assistance, see our Ask a Librarian page OR
  • Hire a freelance researcher to do further selection for you (a list of researchers in available at: https://www.loc.gov/rr/print/resource/013_pic.html).
  • You can purchase copies of various types, including quick copies, through Library of Congress Duplication Services (price lists, contact information, and order forms for Library of Congress Duplication Services are available on the Duplication Services Web site):
    • Make note of the Call Number listed above.
    • Look at the Medium field above. If it lists more than one item:
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Access to Originals

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  1. Is the item digitized? (A thumbnail (small) image will be visible on the left.)

    • Yes, the item is digitized. Please use the digital image in preference to requesting the original. All images can be viewed at a large size when you are in any reading room at the Library of Congress. In some cases, only thumbnail (small) images are available when you are outside the Library of Congress because the item is rights restricted or has not been evaluated for rights restrictions.
      As a preservation measure, we generally do not serve an original item when a digital image is available. If you have a compelling reason to see the original, consult with a reference librarian. (Sometimes, the original is simply too fragile to serve. For example, glass and film photographic negatives are particularly subject to damage. They are also easier to see online where they are presented as positive images.)
    • No, the item is not digitized. Please go to #2.
  2. Do the Access Advisory or Call Number fields above indicate that a non-digital surrogate exists, such as microfilm or copy prints?

    • Yes, another surrogate exists. Reference staff can direct you to this surrogate.
    • No, another surrogate does not exist. Please go to #3.
  3. If you do not see a thumbnail image or a reference to another surrogate, please fill out a call slip in the Prints and Photographs Reading Room. In many cases, the originals can be served in a few minutes. Other materials require appointments for later the same day or in the future. Reference staff can advise you in both how to fill out a call slip and when the item can be served.

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Cite This Item

Citations are generated automatically from bibliographic data as a convenience, and may not be complete or accurate.

Chicago citation style:

Historic American Engineering Record, Creator, Jose Ramon Fernandez Y Martinez, Conservation Trust Of Puerto Rico, Fernando Fernandez, George C Lattimer, Lattimer & Fernandez Company, Wenceslao Borda, et al., Gjessing, Frederik Cheney, and Jack E Boucher, photographer. Hacienda Azucarera La Esperanza, 2.65 mi. N of Rte. 2 bridge over Manati River, Manati, Manati Municipio, PR. Manati Municipio Manati Puerto Rico, 1968. Documentation Compiled After. Photograph. https://www.loc.gov/item/pr0001/.

APA citation style:

Historic American Engineering Record, C., Fernandez Y Martinez, J. R., Conservation Trust Of Puerto Rico, Fernandez, F., Lattimer, G. C., Lattimer & Fernandez Company [...] Williams, J., Gjessing, F. C. & Boucher, J. E., photographer. (1968) Hacienda Azucarera La Esperanza, 2.65 mi. N of Rte. 2 bridge over Manati River, Manati, Manati Municipio, PR. Manati Municipio Manati Puerto Rico, 1968. Documentation Compiled After. [Photograph] Retrieved from the Library of Congress, https://www.loc.gov/item/pr0001/.

MLA citation style:

Historic American Engineering Record, Creator, et al., photographers by Gjessing, Frederik Cheney, and Jack E Boucher. Hacienda Azucarera La Esperanza, 2.65 mi. N of Rte. 2 bridge over Manati River, Manati, Manati Municipio, PR. Documentation Compiled After. Photograph. Retrieved from the Library of Congress, <www.loc.gov/item/pr0001/>.