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MADS 2.1 - XML Format for Authorities Data (September 26, 2016)
MADS is a MARC21-compatible XML format for the type of data carried in the MARC 21 Authority format. An individual MADS description consists of at least one main <authority> element and any number of additional main elements: <authority>, <related>, and/or <variant>. Each of these main elements contains one or more of the following descriptor subelements: <name>, <titleInfo>, <topic>, <temporal>, <genre>, <geographic>, <hierarchicalGeographic>, <occupation>. One or more descriptor subelements may be combined within an <authority> element to control an authoritative heading that consists of multiple parts, for example, name/title headings and subject strings with various components (e.g. <topic> and <geographic>). MADS main elements (containing descriptor subelements) are then supplemented by any number of minor elements.
At a higher level, the <madsCollection> root element is used to contain a group of MADS descriptions, while the <mads> root element is used to contain main and minor elements within an individual MADS description.
This document does not include descriptions of all MADS elements and attributes. Please see Outline of Elements and Attributes in MADS 2.1 for a comprehensive list.
Root Elements
<madsCollection>
The <madsCollection> element contains a group of MADS descriptions.
<mads>
The <mads> element contains an individual MADS description.
Main Elements
<authority>
The <authority> element is a container that includes a standardized "authoritative" form of an agent (person or organization), an event, a title, or a term (topic, genre, geographic). The authority container may only be repeated to give multiple authoritative forms in different languages or scripts
The geographicSubdivision attribute can be used with the <authority> element to indicate whether or not a concept can append a geographic facet, such as the name of a country or other jurisdiction, region, or geographic feature. This information is important to some controlled vocabularies, such as LCSH. For vocabularies to which this does not apply, the attribute would not be used. The geographicSubdivision attribute is comparable to MARC Authority 008/06, and can carry the following values:
none - no geographic facet applies
direct - a geographic facet may be applied without its larger geographic entity
indirect - a geographic facet may be applied with the name of its larger geographic entity
not applicable - a geographic facet is not appropriate
<related>
The <related> element includes a name or term that has some relation to the authoritative form. It is not a variant because it is a legitimate, authoritative heading on its own. These are equivalent to "see also" references in library catalogs. The type attribute designates the type of relationship, using the following values:
earlier - used for the earlier form of a name, especially
corporate bodies that have changed name over time.
later - used for the later form of a name, especially
corporate bodies that have changed name over time.
parentOrg - this is a name heading that gives the
parent organization of a corporate name heading. There can be more
than one parent organization reference on a record, as in the case
of jointly held corporations.
broader - this type of reference is for subject authorities,
and indicates a hierarchical relationship between two headings.
narrower - this related reference also indicates a
hierarchical relationship between subject headings. There may be many
narrower headings in a record.
equivalent - a heading which is equivalent to one
in another catalog or thesaurus
other - used for a variant that does not have a specified related
type. This should be used with an unspecified type of relationship
or a general see also reference.
otherType
- used for any other specified type of variant that is not enumerated in the schema.
<variant>
The <variant> element includes a reference such as a name or term that is not considered the authoritative form. For example, if the person's authoritative name is John J. Jones, but he is sometimes referred to as J.J. Jones, then J.J. Jones can be entered as a name reference under <variant>. In library catalogs, variant headings are only used as "see" references and are not used on the catalog's bibliographic, but lead users to the correct heading. The type attribute designates the type of variant, using the following values:
acronym - an acronym which is considered a variant of the
name in <authority>. Used most frequently for corporate names.
Corresponds to MARC Authority 4XX $w/0, value "d".
abbreviation - abbreviation generally applies to titles,
when an abbreviation may be used for indexing or identification. It
does not have an equivalent in the MARC Authority format, but relates
to the field 210 in the MARC Bibliographic format.
translation - a variant which is a translation of the
authoritative name or title. These are not distuinguished from other references
in the MARC Authority record.
expansion - an expanded form of the name in <authority>.
other - a variant that does not have a specified
variant type.
otherType
- a variant that has any other specified variant type that is not enumerated in the schema.
hidden
- used for a variant form that is not displayed (for instance because it is offensive), with the single allowed value "yes". Corresponds to MARC 4XX $w/3 code "a": Reference not displayed.
Descriptor Elements
Other Elements
<personInfo>
The <personInfo> element is a container element that may be included when the MADS authority (or related or variant) includes the <name> element. It includes subelements that relate specifically to the person named by that element. Subelements of <personInfo> are: <birthDate>, <deathDate>, <birthPlace>, <deathPlace>, <gender> and <nationality>.
<organizationInfo>
The <organizationInfo> element is a container element that may be included when the MADS authority (or related or variant) includes the <name> element. It includes subelements that relate specifically to the organization named by that element. Subelements of <organizationInfo> are: <startDate> and <endDate>.
<familyInfo>
The <familyInfo> element is a container element that may be included when the MADS authority (or related or variant) includes the <name> element. It includes subelements that relate specifically to the family named by that element. Subelements of <familyInfo> are: <startDate>, <endDate>, <hereditaryTitle>, and <prominentMember>.
<workInfo>
The <workInfo> element is a container element that includes subelements that relate specifically to a work. The <workInfo> element applies only when there is a <titleInfo> element. Subelements of <workInfo> are: <creationStartDate>, <creationEndDate>, <originPlace>, and <distinguishingCharacteristics>.
<affiliation>
The <affiliation> element allows for encoding the full affiliation and contact information for a person or organization, including position, organization name, address, phone and fax numbers, email address, and a date that the contact information was valid. It can be used to carry one or more affiliations related to a personal name. It is equivalent to MARC Authority field 373.
<classification>
The <classification> element includes a designation applied to a resource that indicates the subject by applying a formal system of coding and organizing resources according to subject areas. The classification or call number of a resource is included in the <classification> element. It is equivalent to MARC Authority fields 053, 055, 060, 065, 070, 080, 082, 083, 086, 087.
<fieldOfEndeavor>
The <fieldOfEndeavor> element includes a field of endeavor or business, area of expertise, or area of competence of a person or organization. It is equivalent to MARC Authority field 372.
<identifier>
The <identifier> element includes an identifier associated with the entity described in the record. The type attribute specifies the identifier scheme, which is an uncontrolled list. An example of an identifier type appropriate for a MADS record is "istc". It is equivalent to MARC Authority fields 010, 016, 020, 022, 024, 035.
<language>
The <language> element is a container element; the actual language values are recorded in the subelement <languageTerm> and actual script values are recorded in the subelement <scriptTerm>. If the content of the resource is in more than one language, the <language> element is repeated. It is equivalent to MARC Authority field 377.
<locale>
The <locale> element can include a town, city, province, state, and/or country associated with persons, corporate bodies, families, works, and expressions. It is equivalent to MARC Authority field 370.<note>
The <note> element can include general information--if no attribute is specified, the field is treated as a general note, e.g., MARC Authority 680 field. Optionally, <note> can carry a "type" attribute with specific note type information. Specific type attribute values for the <note> element correspond to a number of notes fields in the MARC Authorities format:
<url>
The <url> element includes any URL associated with the entity described in the record. Examples are an organization's Web site or a personal home page. Note that standard identifiers associated with the entity (e.g. ISTC) are included in <identifier> field. It is equivalent to MARC Authority field 856.
<extension>
The <extension> element is used to provide for information not covered by MADS. It may be used for elements that are local to the creator of the data, similar to MARC 9XX fields.
<recordInfo>
The <recordInfo> element is a container element that contains subelements relating to information necessary for managing metadata.
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