MADS User Guidelines (ver. 2.0) » MADS Elements and Attributes » Element: <authority>

Top Level Core Element: <authority>

Guidelines for Use

At least one <authority> element is mandatory.

This element is repeatable to allow for multiple authoritative forms for the same entity in different languages and scripts.

There must be at least one subelement under <authority>.

Element Description

Attributes

geographicSubdivision

lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration, ID, xlink

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

Subelements

The following subelements are described below:

• <name>
• <titleInfo>
• <topic>
• <temporal>
• <genre>
• <geographic>
• <hierarchicalGeographic>
• <occupation>

More than one of these subelements may be combined within the <authority> element to control an authoritative heading that consists of multiple parts. Examples include name/title headings and subject strings with various components (e.g., <topic> and <geographic>).

MARC Mapping

Mapping to MARC 21 Authority fields is shown at the individual subelement levels, below.

If the geographicSubdivision attribute is used, the appropriate value in the MARC Authority 008/06 (Direct or indirect geographic subdivision) is used as follows:

• none = 008/06 value "blank"
• direct = 008/06 value "d"
• indirect = 008/06 value "i"
• not applicable = 008/06 value "n"

See also MARC 21 Authority Format Mapping to MADS Schema.

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Subelement of <authority>: <name>

Guidelines for Use

<name> is a container element that contains the subelements with the value of the authoritative name.

If <name> is used, at least one occurrence of the subelement <namePart> must be included.

The Library of Congress maintains a list of authority files, Name and Title Authority Source Codes, that can be used for the authority attribute of this element.

This subelement is optional and repeatable.

Element Description

Attributes

type

authority, authorityURI, valueURI, lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration, ID, xlink

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

Subelements

The following subelements are described below:

• <namePart>
• <description>

MARC Mapping

<authority><name type="personal"> = MARC 21 Authority field 100

<authority><name type="family"> = MARC 21 Authority field 100 (1st Indicator=3)

<authority><name type="corporate"> = MARC 21 Authority field 110

<authority><name type="conference"> = MARC 21 Authority field 111

See also MARC 21 Authority Format Mapping to MADS Schema.

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Subelement of <authority><name>: <namePart>

Guidelines for Use

The content of an authoritative name is always contained in one or more <namePart> subelements. Parsing of names into parts can be used to indicate a date associated with the name, to parse the parts of a corporate name, or to parse parts of a personal name if desired.

MADS allows for either breaking up parts of the name (given and family, for example) in different <namePart> elements or enclosing the entire name in one element. Use of the former method affords more control in sorting and display. Either method is acceptable.

Name elements should appear in the same order as in their authorized form (the authority cited in the <name> authority attribute). If no authority is used for personal names, last name or family name should appear first, followed by a comma, followed by first or given names.

At least one occurrence of this subelement is mandatory if the <name> element is used. This subelement is repeatable.

Element Description

Attributes

type

lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

Subelements

There are no subelements for <namePart>.

MARC Mapping

<authority><name type="personal"><namePart> = MARC 21 Authority field 100 subfieilds a and q

<authority><name type="personal"><namePart type="date"> = MARC 21 Authority field 100 subfield d

<authority><name type="personal"><namePart type="termsOfAddress"> = MARC 21 Authority field 100 subfields b and c

<authority><name type="corporate"><namePart> = MARC 21 Authority field 110 subfields a, b, c, d, and n

<authority><name type="conference"><namePart> = MARC 21 Authority field 111 sufields a, c, d, e, n, and q

See also MARC 21 Authority Format Mapping to MADS Schema.

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Subelement of <authority><name>: <description>

Guidelines for Use

Used for additional descriptive information about the name entity.

This subelement is optional and repeatable.

Element Description

Attributes

lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

Subelements

There are no subelements for <description>.

MARC Mapping

There is no MARC 21 Authority equivalent for <description>.

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Subelement of <authority>: <titleInfo>

Guidelines for Use

<titleInfo> is a container element that contains all subelements related to the authoritative form of a title. The data content is contained in the relevant subelements. Although in most cases, at least one of the subelements will appear if the <titleInfo> element is used, there are instances where <titleInfo> may be used without subelements, for instance when the valueURI or xlink attribute is used.

Do not include punctuation that is intended to delineate parts of titles that are separated into the different subelements of <titleInfo>.

There is no type attribute because only uniform titles are applicable.

The language of the title may be indicated if desired using the xml:lang or lang attributes.

The Library of Congress maintains a list of authority files, Name and Title Authority Source Codes, that may be used for the authority attribute.

This subelement is optional and repeatable.

Element Description

Attributes

displayLabel

authority, authorityURI, valueURI, lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration, ID, xlink

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

Subelements

The following subelements are described below:

• <title>
• <subTitle>
• <partNumber>
• <partName>
• <nonSort>

MARC Mapping

<authority><titleInfo> includes titles found in MARC Authority fields 100, 110, 111, or 130.

See also MARC 21 Authority Format Mapping to MADS Schema.

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Subelement of <authority><titleInfo>: <title>

Guidelines for Use

Use for the uniform title of the resource. Dates may be recorded here only if considered part of the uniform title.

This element is optional and repeatable.

Element Description

Attributes

lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

Subelements

There are no subelements for <title>.

MARC Mapping

<authority><titleInfo><title> = MARC 21 Authority fields 100, 110, 111, and 130 with various title subfields

See also MARC 21 Authority Format Mapping to MADS Schema.

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Subelement of <authority><titleInfo>: <subTitle>

Guidelines for Use

<subTitle> is used when it is desired to include the information as a separate element. Alternatively, the subtitle may be included as part of <title>.

When using the <subTitle> element, do not include punctuation at the end of the <title> element intended to delineate the title from the subtitle.

This element is optional and repeatable.

Element Description

Attributes

lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

Subelements

There are no subelements for <subTitle>.

MARC Mapping

There is no MARC 21 Authority format equivalent for <subTitle>.

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Subelement of <authority><titleInfo>: <partNumber>

Guidelines for Use

Use <partNumber> to describe the enumeration-type designation of a section of a title entity (for example, a volume number or an episode number of an item).

<partNumber> may follow <title> or <subTitle> as appropriate.

When using the <partNumber> element, do not include punctuation at the end of the preceding element intended to delineate the part number from previous parts of the title.

This element is optional and repeatable.

Element Description

Attributes

lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

Subelements

There are no subelements for <partNumber>.

MARC Mapping

<authority><titleInfo><partNumber> = MARC 21 Authority fields 100, 110, 111, and 130 subfield n

See also MARC 21 Authority Format Mapping to MADS Schema.

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Subelement of <authority><titleInfo>: <partName>

Guidelines for Use

Use <partName> to describe the section or division titles of an object (for example, a volume title, a chapter title, or episode name of an item).

Multiple <partName> elements may be used in a single <titleInfo> to describe a single part with multiple hierarchical levels.

When using the <partName> element, do not include punctuation at the end of the preceding element intended to delineate the part name from previous parts of the title.

This element is optional and repeatable.

Element Description

Attributes

lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

Subelements

There are no subelements for <partName>.

MARC Mapping

<authority><titleInfo><partName> = MARC 21 Authority fields 100, 110, 111, and 130 subfield p

See also MARC 21 Authority Format Mapping to MADS Schema.

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Subelement of <authority><titleInfo>: <nonSort>

Guidelines for Use

<nonSort> begin and end tags surround the nonfiling text which should not be regarded in sorting.

Punctuation may or may not be included within the non-sort value depending upon whether it is part of the sorting or non-sorting data. For instance, "The" as an initial article is input with space following the characters, while other data might not require a space (e.g. "L'"):

• <nonSort>The </nonSort><title>Trial</title>
• <nonSort>L'</nonSort><title>Enfant</title>

This element is optional and repeatable.

Element Description

Attributes

lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

Subelements

There are no subelements for <nonSort>.

MARC Mapping

It is equivalent to the technique in MARC 21 that uses control characters to surround data disregarded for sorting. It is used for the same purpose as the MARC nonfiling indicator value that indicates the number of initial characters disregarded for sorting.

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Subelement of <authority>: <topic>

Guidelines for Use

The Library of Congress maintains a list of Subject Heading and Term Source Codes that can be used for the authority attribute of this element.

Element Description

Attributes

authority, authorityURI, valueURI, lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration, ID, xlink

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

Subelements

There are no subelements for <topic>.

MARC Mapping

<authority><topic> = MARC 21 Authority field 150 subfields a and b, and fields 100, 110, 111, 130, 148, 150, 151, 155, 180, 181, or 185 subfield x.

See MARC 21 Authority Format Mapping to MADS Schema

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Subelement of <authority>: <temporal>

Guidelines for Use

The date may be in textual or structured form. If it is structured, the encoding attribute specifies the encoding scheme. No good standard for encoding BCE dates in a structured form currently exists; until such time as these recommendations emerge, BCE dates may be represented in textual forms.

When a date is uncertain or cataloger-supplied, indicate this through the use of the qualifier attribute rather than inserting characters such as "ca.", brackets, or a question mark as part of the date string. When only a decade is known, enter a date range for the entire decade and mark the date as questionable. When only a century is known, enter a date range for the entire century and mark the date as questionable.

Mark one and only one date as a key date using keyDate="yes" attribute.

Library of Congress maintains a list of Subject Heading and Term Source Codes, that may be used with the authority attribute of this element.

Element Description

Attributes

encoding, point, qualifier, keyDate, authority, authorityURI, valueURI, lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration, ID, xlink

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

Subelements

There are no subelements for <temporal>.

MARC Mapping

<authority><temporal> = MARC 21 Authority field 148 subfield a and fields 100, 110, 111, 130, 148, 150, 151, 155, 180, 181, or 185 subfield y

See MARC 21 Authority Format Mapping to MADS Schema.

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Subelement of <authority>: <genre>

Guidelines for Use

The Library of Congress maintains a list of Genre/Form Code and Term Source Codes that can be used for the authority attribute of this element.

This element is optional and repeatable.

Element Description

Attributes

authority, authorityURI, valueURI, lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration, ID, xlink

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

Subelements

There are no subelements for <genre>.

MARC Mapping

<authority><genre> = MARC 21 Authority filed 155 subfield a and fields 100, 110, 111, 130, 148, 150, 151, 155, 180, 181, 182 or 185 subfield v

See MARC 21 Authority Format Mapping to MADS Schema

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Subelement of <authority>: <geographic>

Guidelines for Use

If the geographic name is part of an organizational entity (e.g., United States. Senate; British Columbia. Fish and Wildlife Branch; or a corporate body), it is included in the <name> subelement. If the geographic name is in a hierarchical form use the <hierarchicalGeographic> element.

The Library of Congress maintains a list of authority files, Name and Title Authority Source Codes, that can be used for the authority attribute of this element.

This element is optional and repeatable.

Element Description

Attributes

authority, authorityURI, valueURI, lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration, ID, xlink

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

Subelements

There are no subelements for <geographic>.

MARC Mapping

<authority><geographic> = MARC 21 Authority fields 151 subfield a or 181 subfield z
Note: MARC Authority field 151 establishes the value used in the 651 field in the MARC Bibliographic format.

<authority><geographic authority="xxx"> = MARC 21 Authority fields 100, 110, 111, 130, 148, 150, 151, 155, 180, 182, or 185 subfield z

See MARC 21 Authority Format Mapping to MADS Schema.

Subelement of <authority>: <hierarchicalGeographic>

Guidelines for Use

<hierarchicalGeographic> is a container element for the specific hierarchical parts of a geographic entity. If a hierarchical description is not warranted or desirable, use the <geographic> element instead.

In general, to designate the subelement, use the term most commonly used in the original language or its translation for the geographic entity. First order political divisions may have different terms depending on the country. For instance, first order political divisions in the U.S. are states; in Canada are provinces; in United Kingdom, England, Scotland, and Wales are countries and the next order division (e.g. Yorkshire) is county.

The Library of Congress maintains a list of authority files, Name and Title Authority Source Codes, that can be used for the authority attribute of this element.

This element is optional and repeatable.

Element Description

Attributes

authority, authorityURI, valueURI, lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration, ID, xlink

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

Subelements

The following subelements are defined for <hierarchicalGeographic>. There are no attributes for these subelements.

• <continent> – Includes Asia, Africa, Europe, North America, South America.
• <country> – Name of a country, i.e. a political entity considered a country.
• <province> – Includes first order political divisions called provinces within a country, e.g. in Canada.
• <region> – Includes regions that have status as a jurisdiction, usually incorporating more than one first level jurisdiction.
• <state> – Includes first order political divisions called states within a country, e.g. in U.S., Argentina, Italy. Use also for France département.
• <territory> – Name of a geographical area belonging to or under the jurisdiction of a governmental authority.
• <county> – Name of the largest local administrative unit in various countries, e.g. in England.
• <city> – Name of an inhabited place incorporated as a city, town, etc.
• <citySection> – Name of a smaller unit within a populated place, e.g., neighborhoods, parks, or streets.
• <island> – Name of a tract of land surrounded by water and smaller than a continent but is not itself a separate country.
• <area> – Name of a non-jurisdictional geographic entity.
• <extraterrestrialArea> – Name of any extraterrestrial entity or space, including solar systems, galaxies, star systems, and planets as well as geographic features of individual planets.

Subelement Attributes

All <hierarchicalGeographic> sublements have the attributes:

lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

MARC Mapping

There is no MARC 21 Authority format equivalent for <hierarchicalGeographic>, but it would establish the value used in field 662 or 752 in the MARC Bibliographic format.

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Subelement of <authority>: <occupation>

Guidelines for Use

The Library of Congress maintains a list of Occupation Term Source Codes, that can be used with the authority attribute of this element.

Element Description

Attributes

authority, authorityURI, valueURI, lang, xml:lang, script, transliteration, ID, xlink

See Attributes Used Throughout the MADS Schema for a description of each of these attributes.

Subelements

There are no subelements for <occupation>.

MARC Mapping

There is no MARC 21 Authority format equivalent for <occupation>, but it establishes the value used in the 656 field in the MARC Bibliographic format.

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EXAMPLES

Name - Personal

Name - Corporate

Name - Conference

Name/Title

Title

Topic

Temporal

Genre

Geographic

Hierarchical Geographic

Occupation

Last Updated: April 26, 2012